Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids are swelling and inflammation of veins in the rectum and anus.  Hemorrhoids are very common. It is estimated that approximately one half of all Americans have had this condition by the age of 50. However, only a small number seek medical treatment. Annually, only about 500,000 people in the U.S. are medically treated for hemorrhoids, with 10 to 20% of them requiring surgeries.

The causes of hemorrhoids include genetic predisposition, straining during bowel movements, and too much pressure on the rectal veins due to poor muscle tone or poor posture. Hemorrhoids may also result from portal hypertension because of the portacaval anastomoses. Hemorroids are also linked to sitting for prolonged periods of time.  Additional factors that can influence the course of hemorrhoids, especially for those with a genetic predisposition, are obesity and a sedentary lifestyle. Constipation, chronic diarrhea, poor bathroom habits, pregnancy, postponing bowel movements, and fiber-deprived diet may be associated with bowel movement and straining, but not all of these have been conclusively proved to cause hemorrhoids.

Treatments for hemorrhoids vary in their cost, risk, and effectiveness. Different cultures and individuals approach treatment differently. For many people, hemorrhoids are mild and temporary conditions that heal spontaneously or by the same measures recommended for prevention. There is no medicine that will cure hemorrhoids, but local treatments such as warm sitz baths, using a bidet, extendable showerhead, cold compress, or topical analgesic, can provide temporary relief. Consistent use of medicated creams during the early stages of a hemorrhoid flare-up will also provide relief and may stave off further development and irritation. However, creams contain steroid preparations weaken the skin and may contribute to further flare-ups. Keep the area clean and dry, with some lubrication provided by hemorrhoidal creams or a lubricant, such as Surgi-lube or petroleum jelly. Suppositories can also relieve the symptoms.

...More at Wikipedia

Related Links:

• US National Library of Medicine
• Mayo Clinic

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